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Thyroid disease

The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland at the base of the neck. The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate many of the body's functions, such as controlling the heart rate, body temperature, and how the body uses fats and carbohydrates. Thyroid disease can occur if the thyroid is overactive (hyperthyroidism), underactive (hypothyroidism), inflamed (thyroiditis), or has lumps or nodules (e.g. goiters). Graves' disease is the most common form of hyperthyroidism, while Hashimoto's disease is the most common form of hypothyroidism.

Symptoms

• Unexplained or sudden changes in weight
• Changes in bowel movements (constipation or frequent bowel movements)
• Rapid heartbeat, nervousness, anxiety
• Sensitivity to heat or cold
• Fatigue
• Learn more

Risk Factors

• Family history
• Being female
• Previous radiation treatment to the head or neck, or treatment with radioactive iodine
• Stress
• Smoking
• Genetic factors

Genetic Tests

The following genetic tests may be appropriate based on your personal and/or family history:

• Genetic variants for thyroid disease

Schedule an Appointment

To speak with a board-certified genetic counselor about your risks for this disease:

• Schedule genetic counseling appointment online
• Or call 1-800-975-4819
• Send email

Resources

Thyroid diseases - MedlinePlus