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Parkinson Disease

Parkinson disease is a progressive disorder of the nervous system. The disorder affects several regions of the brain, including an area called the substantia nigra that controls balance and movement. Parkinson disease may also affect regions of the brain that regulate involuntary functions such as blood pressure and heart activity. Most cases of Parkinson disease occur in people with no family history of the disorder, but sometimes the disease can run in families.

Symptoms

• Tremor (shaking)
• Stiff muscles
• Slow, limited movement
• Weakness of face and throat muscles
• Difficulty with walking and balance

Risk Factors

• Family history
• Older age
• Sex - men are more likely to develop Parkinson disease than women are
• Genetic factors

Genetic Test

The following genetic tests may be appropriate based on your personal and/or family history:

• SNCA
• LRRK2
  
• PARK2
• PINK1
• PARK7
• Genetic variants for Parkinson disease

Schedule an Appointment

To speak with a board-certified genetic counselor about your risks for this disease:

• Schedule genetic counseling appointment online
• Or call 1-800-975-4819
• Send email

Learn More

NIH Parkinson Disease Information Pages

Support Groups

NIH Genetics Home Reference - Parkinson Disease